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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.3//EN" "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.3/docbookx.dtd" [ <!ENTITY % globalent SYSTEM "../../libs/global.ent"> <!-- NAMES --><!ENTITY canonical-name "Canonical Ltd."> <!ENTITY project-name "Ubuntu Documentation Project"> <!ENTITY ubuntu "<phrase>Ubuntu</phrase>"> <!ENTITY sg-title "Server Guide"> <!-- VERSIONS --><!ENTITY distro-version "Jaunty Jackalope"> <!ENTITY distro-rev "9.04"> <!ENTITY distro-release-date "April 2009"> <!ENTITY distro-short-codename "jaunty"> <!ENTITY distro-apt-cd-name "Ubuntu 9.04_Jaunty_Jackalope"> <!ENTITY linux-kernel-version "2.6.27"> <!ENTITY gcc-version "4.3.1"> <!ENTITY glibc-version "2.8"> <!ENTITY python-version "2.5"> <!ENTITY glossary SYSTEM "../common/C/glossary.xml"> <!-- LEGAL URLs --><!ENTITY legalnotice SYSTEM "../libs/C/legalnotice.xml"> <!ENTITY gpl-url '<ulink url="http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html">GNU General Public License</ulink>'> <!ENTITY cc "http://creativecommons.org/"> <!ENTITY cc-attrib '<ulink url="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5/">Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5</ulink>'> <!ENTITY cc-fulldeed-url "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5/legalcode/"> <!ENTITY fdl-url '<ulink url="http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html">GNU Free Documentation License</ulink>'> <!ENTITY cc-disclaimer-url "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/disclaimer-popup?lang=en"> <!-- CANONICAL URL RESOURCES --><!ENTITY canonical-url "http://www.canonical.com"> <!-- OTHER UBUNTU RELATED RESOURCES --><!ENTITY upstart-url "http://upstart.ubuntu.com"> <!-- UBUNTU IRC INFORMATION --><!ENTITY irc-network "Freenode"> <!ENTITY irc-server "irc.ubuntu.com"> <!ENTITY ubuntu-irc "irc.ubuntu.com channel #ubuntu"> <!ENTITY kubuntu-irc "irc.ubuntu.com channel #kubuntu"> <!ENTITY xubuntu-irc "irc.ubuntu.com channel #xubuntu"> <!ENTITY edubuntu-irc "irc.ubuntu.com channel #edubuntu"> <!-- UBUNTU URL RESOURCES --><!ENTITY ubuntu-packages 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connecttoserver "<menuchoice><guimenu>Places</guimenu><guimenuitem>Connect to Server...</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY cowbell "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guisubmenu>Sound & Video</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Cowbell Music Organizer</guimenuitem> </menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY chromium "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guisubmenu>Games</guisubmenu><guisubmenu>Chromium</guisubmenu></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY computer-janitor "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guisubmenu>Administration</guisubmenu><guisubmenu>System Janitor</guisubmenu></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY desktop-background "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Preferences</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Desktop Background</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY desktop-effects "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Preferences</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Appearance</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Visual Effects</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY desktop-preferences 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"<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Office</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>HomeBank</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY hubackup "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guisubmenu>Administration</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Home User Backup</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY hurestore "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guisubmenu>Administration</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Home User Restore</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY inkscape "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Graphics</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Inkscape SVG Vector Illustrator</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY internet "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Internet</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY kdevelop "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guisubmenu>Programming</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>KDevelop</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY keyboard 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"<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Accessories</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>mtink</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY music "<menuchoice><guimenu>Places</guimenu><guimenuitem>Music</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY multimedia-systems-selector "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Preferences</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Multimedia Systems Selector</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY ndisgtk "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Administration</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Windows Wireless Drivers</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY network-proxy "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Preferences</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Network Proxy</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY network-tools "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Administration</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Network Tools</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY networking "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Administration</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Network</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY network-servers "<menuchoice><guimenu>Places</guimenu><guimenuitem>Network</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY neverball "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guisubmenu>Games</guisubmenu><guisubmenu>Neverball</guisubmenu></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY neverputt "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guisubmenu>Games</guisubmenu><guisubmenu>Neverputt</guisubmenu></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY nexuiz "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guisubmenu>Games</guisubmenu><guisubmenu>Nexuiz</guisubmenu></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY open-office "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Office</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY openoffice-base "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Office</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>OpenOffice.org Database</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY openoffice-draw "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Graphics</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>OpenOffice.org Draw</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY openoffice-presentation "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Office</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>OpenOffice.org Presentation</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY openoffice-spreadsheet "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Office</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY openoffice-writer "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Office</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>OpenOffice.org Word Processor</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY palmos-devices "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Preferences</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>PalmOS Devices</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY pan "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Internet</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Pan Newsreader</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY photoprint 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"<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Sound & Video</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Rhythmbox Music Player</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY route-planner "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Internet</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>aMule</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY scorched3d "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guisubmenu>Games</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Scorched 3D</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY screen-resolution "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Preferences</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Screen Resolution</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY screensaver "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Preferences</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Screensaver</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY scribus "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Office</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Scribus</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY serpentine "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Sound & Video</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Serpentine Audio CD Creator</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY services "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Administration</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Services</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY sessions "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Preferences</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Sessions</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY shared-folders "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Administration</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Shared Folders</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY skype "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Internet</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Skype</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY software-properties "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Administration</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Software Sources</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY software-sources "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Administration</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Software Sources</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY sound "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Preferences</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Sound</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY soundandvideo "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Sound & Video</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY soundjuicer "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Sound & Video</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Audio CD Extractor</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY supertux "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guisubmenu>Games</guisubmenu><guisubmenu>SuperTux</guisubmenu></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY shutdown "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Shut Down...</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY synaptic "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Administration</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Synaptic Package Manager</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY system-monitor "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guisubmenu>Administration</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>System Monitor</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY systemtools "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>System Tools</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY terminal "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Accessories</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Terminal</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY text-editor "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Accessories</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Text Editor</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY theme "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Preferences</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Theme</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY thunderbird "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Internet</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Mozilla Thunderbird Mail/News</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY time-date "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Administration</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Time and Date</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY totem "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Sound & Video</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Movie Player</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY touchpad "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Preferences</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Touchpad</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY tremulous "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guisubmenu>Games</guisubmenu><guisubmenu>Tremulous</guisubmenu></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY ubuntu-update-manager "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Administration</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Ubuntu Update Manager</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY update-manager "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Administration</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Update Manager</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY users "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Administration</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Users and Groups</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY users-groups "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Administration</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Users and Groups</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY windows "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Preferences</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Windows</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY wireshark "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Internet</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Wireshark</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY xchat-gnome "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Internet</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Xchat-GNOME IRC Chat</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY xine "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Sound & Video</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>xine</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY xmms "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Sound & Video</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>XMMS</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY xsane "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Graphics</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>XSane 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'http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude'"> <!ENTITY language "en"> ]> <article id="keeping-safe" status="review" lang="ru"> <articleinfo> <title>–ë–µ–∑–æ–ø–∞—Å–Ω–æ—Å—Ç—å –≤–∞—à–µ–≥–æ –∫–æ–º–ø—å—é—Ç–µ—Ä–∞</title> <legalnotice id="legal"> <title>–†–∞–∑—Ä–∞–±–æ—Ç—á–∏–∫–∏ –∏ –ª–∏—Ü–µ–Ω–∑–∏—è</title> <para>–≠—Ç–æ—Ç –¥–æ–∫—É–º–µ–Ω—Ç –ø–æ–¥–¥–µ—Ä–∂–∏–≤–∞–µ—Ç—Å—è –∫–æ–º–∞–Ω–¥–æ–π –ø—Ä–æ–µ–∫—Ç–∞ "–î–æ–∫—É–º–µ–Ω—Ç–∞—Ü–∏—è –ø–æ Ubuntu "(https://wiki.ubuntu.com/DocumentationTeam). –°–æ—Å—Ç–∞–≤ –∫–æ–º–∞–Ω–¥—ã –ø—Ä–æ–µ–∫—Ç–∞ –≤—ã –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç–µ —É–≤–∏–¥–µ—Ç—å –∑–¥–µ—Å—å <ulink url="../../libs/C/contributors.xml">contributors page</ulink></para> <para>–≠—Ç–æ—Ç –¥–æ–∫—É–º–µ–Ω—Ç –¥–æ—Å—Ç—É–ø–µ–Ω –≤ —Å–æ–æ—Ç–≤–µ—Ç—Å—Ç–≤–∏–∏ —Å –ª–∏—Ü–µ–Ω–∑–∏–µ–π Creative Commons ShareAlike 2.5 (CC-BY-SA)</para> <para>–ü–æ —É—Å–ª–æ–≤–∏—è–º —ç—Ç–æ–π –ª–∏—Ü–µ–Ω–∑–∏–∏ –≤—ã –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç–µ –∏–∑–º–µ–Ω—è—Ç—å, —Ä–∞—Å—à–∏—Ä—è—Ç—å –∏ —É–ª—É—á—à–∞—Ç—å –∏—Å—Ö–æ–¥–Ω—ã–π –∫–æ–¥ –¥–æ–∫—É–º–µ–Ω—Ç–∞—Ü–∏–∏ Ubuntu. –õ—é–±—ã–µ –ø—Ä–æ–∏–∑–≤–æ–¥–Ω—ã–µ –¥–æ–∫—É–º–µ–Ω—Ç—ã —Ç–∞–∫–∂–µ –¥–æ–ª–∂–Ω—ã –±—ã—Ç—å –≤—ã–ø—É—â–µ–Ω—ã –ø–æ–¥ —ç—Ç–æ–π –ª–∏—Ü–µ–Ω–∑–∏–µ–π.</para> <para>–≠—Ç–∞ –¥–æ–∫—É–º–µ–Ω—Ç–∞—Ü–∏—è —Ä–∞—Å–ø—Ä–æ—Å—Ç—Ä–∞–Ω—è–µ—Ç—Å—è –≤ –Ω–∞–¥–µ–∂–¥–µ, —á—Ç–æ –æ–Ω–∞ –±—É–¥–µ—Ç –ø–æ–ª–µ–∑–Ω–æ–π, –Ω–æ –ë–ï–ó –ö–ê–ö–ò–• –õ–ò–ë–û –ì–ê–†–ê–ù–¢–ò–ô; –¥–∞–∂–µ –±–µ–∑ –≤–æ–∑–º–æ–∂–Ω–æ–π –≥–∞—Ä–∞–Ω—Ç–∏–∏ –†–ê–ë–û–¢–û–°–ü–û–°–û–ë–ù–û–°–¢–ò –∏–ª–∏ –ü–†–ò–ì–û–î–ù–û–°–¢–ò –ö –û–ü–†–ï–î–ï–õ–ï–ù–ù–û–ô –¶–ï–õ–ò, –ö–ê–ö –û–ü–ò–°–ê–ù–û –í –°–û–ì–õ–ê–®–ï–ù–ò–ò.</para> <para>–ö–æ–ø–∏—è –ª–∏—Ü–µ–Ω–∑–∏–æ–Ω–Ω–æ–≥–æ —Å–æ–≥–ª–∞—à–µ–Ω–∏—è –¥–æ—Å—Ç—É–ø–Ω–∞ –ø–æ –∞–¥—Ä–µ—Å—É: <ulink url="/usr/share/ubuntu-docs/libs/C/ccbysa.xml">Creative Commons ShareAlike License</ulink>.</para> </legalnotice> <copyright> <year>2008</year> <holder>Canonical Ltd. –∏ —É—á–∞—Å—Ç–Ω–∏–∫–∏ <ulink url="https://launchpad.net/~ubuntu-core-doc">–ü—Ä–æ–µ–∫—Ç –¥–æ–∫—É–º–µ–Ω—Ç–∞—Ü–∏–∏ Ubuntu</ulink></holder> </copyright> <publisher> <publishername>–ü—Ä–æ–µ–∫—Ç –¥–æ–∫—É–º–µ–Ω—Ç–∞—Ü–∏–∏ Ubuntu</publishername> </publisher> </articleinfo> <para>–î–∞–Ω–Ω—ã–π —Ä–∞–∑–¥–µ–ª –ø–æ—Å–≤—è—â—ë–Ω —Ç–æ–º—É –∫–∞–∫ –æ–±–µ–∑–æ–ø–∞—Å–∏—Ç—å –≤–∞—à—É —Å–∏—Å—Ç–µ–º—É, –æ—Ç —Ä–∞–∑–ª–∏—á–Ω—ã—Ö —É–≥—Ä–æ–∑ –±–µ–∑–æ–ø–∞—Å–Ω–æ—Å—Ç–∏.</para> <sect1 id="passwords" status="new"> <title>–ü–∞—Ä–æ–ª–∏</title> <para>–•—Ä–∞–Ω–∏—Ç–µ —Å–≤–æ–π –ø–∞—Ä–æ–ª—å –≤ –±–µ–∑–æ–ø–∞—Å–Ω–æ—Å—Ç–∏. –ï—Å–ª–∏ –í—ã —Ö–æ—Ç–∏—Ç–µ –∏–∑–º–µ–Ω–∏—Ç—å –µ–≥–æ, –æ—Ç–∫—Ä–æ–π—Ç–µ <application>–û–±–æ –º–Ω–µ</application> (<menuchoice><guimenu>–°–∏—Å—Ç–µ–º–∞</guimenu><guimenuitem>–ù–∞—Å—Ç—Ä–æ–π–∫–∏</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>–û–±–æ –º–Ω–µ</guimenuitem></menuchoice>) –∏ –Ω–∞–∂–º–∏—Ç–µ <guibutton>–ò–∑–º–µ–Ω–∏—Ç—å –ø–∞—Ä–æ–ª—å</guibutton>.</para> <para>–í—ã –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç–µ –≤—ã–±—Ä–∞—Ç—å –∞–≤—Ç–æ–º–∞—Ç–∏—á–µ—Å–∫–∏–π –≤—Ö–æ–¥ –≤ Ubuntu.</para> <warning> <para>–ê–≤—Ç–æ–º–∞—Ç–∏—á–µ—Å–∫–∏–π –≤—Ö–æ–¥ –∫—Ä–∞–π–Ω–µ –Ω–µ —Ä–µ–∫–æ–º–µ–Ω–¥—É–µ—Ç—Å—è, –ø–æ—Å–∫–æ–ª—å–∫—É —ç—Ç–æ —É–º–µ–Ω—å—à–∞–µ—Ç —É—Ä–æ–≤–µ–Ω—å –±–µ–∑–æ–ø–∞—Å–Ω–æ—Å—Ç–∏ –¥–ª—è —Å–∏—Å—Ç–µ–º—ã. –¢–∞–∫–∂–µ –±—É–¥—å—Ç–µ –æ—Å—Ç–æ—Ä–æ–∂–Ω—ã —Å –Ω–∞—Å—Ç—Ä–æ–π–∫–∞–º–∏ "–û–∫–Ω–∞ –í—Ö–æ–¥–∞ –í –°–∏—Å—Ç–µ–º—É", –ø–æ—Å–∫–æ–ª—å–∫—É –Ω–µ–≤–µ—Ä–Ω–æ–µ –∏–∑–º–µ–Ω–µ–Ω–∏–µ –æ–ø—Ü–∏–π –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç –ø—Ä–∏–≤–µ—Å—Ç–∏ –∫ –æ—Ç–∫–∞–∑—É –≤—Ö–æ–¥–∞ –≤ Ubuntu –∏–ª–∏ –∫ –Ω–µ–ø—Ä–∞–≤–∏–ª—å–Ω–æ–º—É –∑–∞–ø—É—Å–∫—É —Å–∏—Å—Ç–µ–º—ã.</para> </warning> <orderedlist> <listitem><para>–û—Ç–∫—Ä–æ–π—Ç–µ <menuchoice><guimenu>–°–∏—Å—Ç–µ–º–∞</guimenu><guimenuitem>–ê–¥–º–∏–Ω–∏—Å—Ç—Ä–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∞–Ω–∏–µ</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>–û–∫–Ω–æ –≤—Ö–æ–¥–∞ –≤ —Å–∏—Å—Ç–µ–º—É</guimenuitem></menuchoice>.</para></listitem> <listitem><para>–í–∞–º –±—É–¥–µ—Ç –ø—Ä–µ–¥–ª–æ–∂–µ–Ω–æ –≤–≤–µ—Å—Ç–∏ –ø–∞—Ä–æ–ª—å.</para></listitem> <listitem><para>–ù–∞–∂–º–∏—Ç–µ <guilabel>–ë–µ–∑–æ–ø–∞—Å–Ω–æ—Å—Ç—å</guilabel>.</para></listitem> <listitem><para>–í—ã–±–µ—Ä–∏—Ç–µ <guilabel>–í–∫–ª—é—á–∏—Ç—å –∞–≤—Ç–æ–º–∞—Ç–∏—á–µ—Å–∫–∏–π –≤—Ö–æ–¥</guilabel>.</para></listitem> <listitem><para>–í—ã–±–µ—Ä–∏—Ç–µ <guilabel>–ò–º—è –ø–æ–ª—å–∑–æ–≤–∞—Ç–µ–ª—èguilabel> </guilabel></para></listitem> <listitem><para>–ù–∞–∂–º–∏—Ç–µ <guibutton>–ó–∞–∫—Ä—ã—Ç—å</guibutton>.</para></listitem> <listitem><para>–ò–∑–º–µ–Ω–µ–Ω–∏—è –±—É–¥—É—Ç –ø—Ä–∏–º–µ–Ω–µ–Ω—ã –ø–æ—Å–ª–µ –ø–µ—Ä–µ–∑–∞–≥—Ä—É–∑–∫–∏.</para></listitem> </orderedlist> </sect1> <sect1 id="users" status="review"> <title>–ü—Ä–µ–¥–æ—Å—Ç–∞–≤–ª—è–π—Ç–µ –æ—Ç–¥–µ–ª—å–Ω—ã–π –ø–æ–ª—å–∑–æ–≤–∞—Ç–µ–ª—å—Å–∫–∏–π –∞–∫–∫–∞—É–Ω—Ç (—É—á–µ—Ç–Ω—É—é –∑–∞–ø–∏—Å—å) –¥–ª—è –∫–∞–∂–¥–æ–≥–æ —á–µ–ª–æ–≤–µ–∫–∞</title> <para>–ö–æ–≥–¥–∞ Ubuntu –∑–∞–∫–∞–Ω—á–∏–≤–∞–µ—Ç —É—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–æ–≤–∫—É, –æ–Ω–∞ –Ω–∞—Å—Ç—Ä–æ–µ–Ω–∞ –¥–ª—è –∏—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑–æ–≤–∞–Ω–∏—è –æ–¥–Ω–∏–º –ø–æ–ª—å–∑–æ–≤–∞—Ç–µ–ª–µ–º. –ï—Å–ª–∏ –∫–æ–º–ø—å—é—Ç–µ—Ä–æ–º –±—É–¥—É—Ç –ø–æ–ª—å–∑–æ–≤–∞—Ç—å—Å—è –Ω–µ—Å–∫–æ–ª—å–∫–æ —á–µ–ª–æ–≤–µ–∫, —Ç–æ –≤ –ª—É—á—à–µ–º —Å–ª—É—á–∞–µ —Å–ª–µ–¥—É–µ—Ç –Ω–∞–∑–Ω–∞—á–∏—Ç—å –∫–∞–∂–¥–æ–º—É –ø–æ–ª—å–∑–æ–≤–∞—Ç–µ–ª—é –æ—Ç–¥–µ–ª—å–Ω—É—é —É—á—ë—Ç–Ω—É—é –∑–∞–ø–∏—Å—å. –ü—Ä–∏ —ç—Ç–æ–º –æ–Ω–∏ —Å–º–æ–≥—É—Ç –∏–º–µ—Ç—å –æ—Ç–¥–µ–ª—å–Ω—ã–µ –Ω–∞—Å—Ç—Ä–æ–π–∫–∏, –¥–æ–∫—É–º–µ–Ω—Ç—ã –∏ –¥—Ä—É–≥–∏–µ —Ñ–∞–π–ª—ã. –ï—Å–ª–∏ –Ω–µ–æ–±—Ö–æ–¥–∏–º–æ, —Ñ–∞–π–ª—ã —Ç–∞–∫–∂–µ –º–æ–≥—É—Ç –±—ã—Ç—å –∑–∞—â–∏—â–µ–Ω—ã –æ—Ç –ø—Ä–æ—Å–º–æ—Ç—Ä–∞ –Ω–µ–ø—Ä–∏–≤–∏–ª–µ–≥–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∞–Ω–Ω—ã–º–∏ –ø–æ–ª—å–∑–æ–≤–∞—Ç–µ–ª—è–º–∏ (–Ω–µ –∞–¥–º–∏–Ω–∏—Å—Ç—Ä–∞—Ç–æ—Ä–∞–º–∏).</para> <para>–ß—Ç–æ–±—ã –Ω–∞—Å—Ç—Ä–æ–∏—Ç—å —É—á–µ—Ç–Ω—ã–µ –∑–∞–ø–∏—Å–∏ –ø–æ–ª—å–∑–æ–≤–∞—Ç–µ–ª–µ–π (–∞–∫–∫–∞—É–Ω—Ç—ã), –≤—ã–±–µ—Ä–∏—Ç–µ <menuchoice><guimenu>–°–∏—Å—Ç–µ–º–∞</guimenu><guimenuitem>–ê–¥–º–∏–Ω–∏—Å—Ç—Ä–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∞–Ω–∏–µ</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>–ü–æ–ª—å–∑–æ–≤–∞—Ç–µ–ª–∏ –∏ –≥—Ä—É–ø–ø—ã</guimenuitem></menuchoice>. –í—ã –¥–æ–ª–∂–Ω—ã –±—ã—Ç—å <ulink type="help" url="ghelp:administrative">–ê–¥–º–∏–Ω–∏—Å—Ç—Ä–∞—Ç–æ—Ä–æ–º</ulink>, —á—Ç–æ–±—ã –∏–∑–º–µ–Ω—è—Ç—å —ç—Ç–∏ –Ω–∞—Å—Ç—Ä–æ–π–∫–∏</para> <para>–°–º–æ—Ç—Ä–∏—Ç–µ <ulink type="help" url="ghelp:users-admin">–†—É–∫–æ–≤–æ–¥—Å—Ç–≤–æ Users Administration Tool</ulink> –¥–ª—è –±–æ–ª–µ–µ –ø–æ–ª–Ω–æ–π –∏–Ω—Ñ–æ—Ä–º–∞—Ü–∏–∏ –ø–æ –Ω–∞—Å—Ç—Ä–æ–π–∫–µ –ø–æ–ª—å–∑–æ–≤–∞—Ç–µ–ª—å—Å–∫–∏—Ö —É—á–µ—Ç–Ω—ã—Ö –∑–∞–ø–∏—Å–µ–π</para> </sect1> <sect1 id="updates" status="review"> <title>–û–±–Ω–æ–≤–ª—è–π—Ç–µ —Å–≤–æ—ë –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–º–Ω–æ–µ –æ–±–µ—Å–ø–µ—á–µ–Ω–∏–µ</title> <para>–†–∞–∑—Ä–∞–±–æ—Ç—á–∏–∫–∏ Ubuntu —á–∞—Å—Ç–æ –≤—ã–ø—É—Å–∫–∞—é—Ç –Ω–µ–æ–±—Ö–æ–¥–∏–º—ã–µ –æ–±–Ω–æ–≤–ª–µ–Ω–∏—è —Å–∏—Å—Ç–µ–º—ã Ubuntu. –≠—Ç–∏ –æ–±–Ω–æ–≤–ª–µ–Ω–∏—è –º–æ–≥—É—Ç —É–ª—É—á—à–∏—Ç—å –±–µ–∑–æ–ø–∞—Å–Ω–æ—Å—Ç—å –∏–ª–∏ –∏—Å–ø—Ä–∞–≤–∏—Ç—å —Ä–∞–∑–ª–∏—á–Ω—ã–µ –ø—Ä–æ–±–ª–µ–º—ã</para> <para>–ó–Ω–∞—á–æ–∫ –æ–±–Ω–æ–≤–ª–µ–Ω–∏—è (–æ—Ä–∞–Ω–∂–µ–≤–∞—è –∑–≤–µ–∑–¥–∞) –æ–±—ã—á–Ω–æ –ø–æ—è–≤–ª—è–µ—Ç—Å—è –Ω–∞ –ø–∞–Ω–µ–ª–∏ –≤ –ø—Ä–∞–≤–æ–º —É–≥–ª—É –Ω–∞ —Ä–∞–±–æ—á–µ–º —Å—Ç–æ–ª–µ, –∫–æ–≥–¥–∞ –æ–±–Ω–æ–≤–ª–µ–Ω–∏—è –¥–æ—Å—Ç—É–ø–Ω—ã. –î–ª—è —É—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–æ–≤–∫–∏ –æ–±–Ω–æ–≤–ª–µ–Ω–∏–π –≤—ã –¥–æ–ª–∂–Ω—ã –±—ã—Ç—å <ulink type="help" url="ghelp:administrative">–∞–¥–º–∏–Ω–∏—Å—Ç—Ä–∞—Ç–æ—Ä–æ–º</ulink>, –∏ –∫–æ–º–ø—å—é—Ç–µ—Ä –¥–æ–ª–∂–µ–Ω –±—ã—Ç—å –ø–æ–¥–∫–ª—é—á–µ–Ω –∫ –∏–Ω—Ç–µ—Ä–Ω–µ—Ç—É.</para> <procedure> <step> <para>–ù–∞–∂–º–∏—Ç–µ –Ω–∞ –∏–∫–æ–Ω–∫—É –æ–±–Ω–æ–≤–ª–µ–Ω–∏—è –∏ –≤–≤–µ–¥–∏—Ç–µ –ø–æ—Å–ª–µ –∑–∞–ø—Ä–æ—Å–∞ –ø–∞—Ä–æ–ª—å,</para> </step> <step> <para>–í –æ–∫–Ω–µ –º–µ–Ω–µ–¥–∂–µ—Ä–∞ –æ–±–Ω–æ–≤–ª–µ–Ω–∏–π (Update Manager), –Ω–∞–∂–º–∏—Ç–µ –Ω–∞ <guibutton>–£—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–æ–≤–∏—Ç—å –æ–±–Ω–æ–≤–ª–µ–Ω–∏—è</guibutton> (Install Updates).</para> </step> </procedure> <para>–ü—Ä–æ—Ü–µ—Å—Å –æ–±–Ω–æ–≤–ª–µ–Ω–∏—è –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç –∑–∞–Ω—è—Ç—å –Ω–µ–∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä–æ–µ –≤—Ä–µ–º—è, –µ—Å–ª–∏ –∫–æ–ª–∏—á–µ—Å—Ç–≤–æ –æ–±–Ω–æ–≤–ª–µ–Ω–∏–π –≤–µ–ª–∏–∫–æ.</para> <para>–ï—Å–ª–∏ –ø–æ—Å–ª–µ –æ–±–Ω–æ–≤–ª–µ–Ω–∏—è –Ω–∞ –ø–∞–Ω–µ–ª–∏ –ø–æ—è–≤–∏—Ç—Å—è –ø–∞—Ä–∞ —Å–∏–Ω–∏—Ö —Å—Ç—Ä–µ–ª–æ–∫, —ç—Ç–æ –æ–∑–Ω–∞—á–∞–µ—Ç, —á—Ç–æ –¥–ª—è –∑–∞–≤–µ—Ä—à–µ–Ω–∏—è –∏–Ω—Å—Ç–∞–ª–ª—è—Ü–∏–∏ —Å–ª–µ–¥—É–µ—Ç –ø–µ—Ä–µ–∑–∞–≥—Ä—É–∑–∏—Ç—å –∫–æ–º–ø—å—é—Ç–µ—Ä.</para> <para>–ß—Ç–æ–±—ã —Å–∞–º–æ—Å—Ç–æ—è—Ç–µ–ª—å–Ω–æ –ø—Ä–æ–≤–µ—Ä–∏—Ç—å –æ–±–Ω–æ–≤–ª–µ–Ω–∏—è, –≤—ã–±–µ—Ä–∏—Ç–µ <menuchoice><guimenu>–°–∏—Å—Ç–µ–º–∞</guimenu><guimenuitem>–ê–¥–º–∏–Ω–∏—Å—Ç—Ä–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∞–Ω–∏–µ</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>–ú–µ–Ω–µ–¥–∂–µ—Ä –æ–±–Ω–æ–≤–ª–µ–Ω–∏–π</guimenuitem></menuchoice> –∏ –Ω–∞–∂–º–∏—Ç–µ <guibutton>–ü—Ä–æ–≤–µ—Ä–∏—Ç—å</guibutton>.</para> <para>–ß—Ç–æ–±—ã –∏–∑–º–µ–Ω–∏—Ç—å –ø–µ—Ä–∏–æ–¥, —Å –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä—ã–º Ubuntu –ø—Ä–æ–≤–µ—Ä—è–µ—Ç –æ–±–Ω–æ–≤–ª–µ–Ω–∏—è, –∏–ª–∏ –Ω–∞—Å—Ç—Ä–æ–∏—Ç—å –æ–±–Ω–æ–≤–ª–µ–Ω–∏—è —Ç–∞–∫, —á—Ç–æ–±—ã –æ–Ω–∏ —É—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–∞–≤–ª–∏–≤–∞–ª–∏—Å—å –∏–ª–∏ —Å–∫–∞—á–∏–≤–∞–ª–∏—Å—å –∞–≤—Ç–æ–º–∞—Ç–∏—á–µ—Å–∫–∏, –≤—ã–±–µ—Ä–∏—Ç–µ <menuchoice><guimenu>–°–∏—Å—Ç–µ–º–∞</guimenu><guimenuitem>–ê–¥–º–∏–Ω–∏—Å—Ç—Ä–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∞–Ω–∏–µ</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>–ò—Å—Ç–æ—á–Ω–∏–∫–∏ –ø—Ä–∏–ª–æ–∂–µ–Ω–∏–π</guimenuitem></menuchoice> –∏ –∑–∞—Ç–µ–º <guilabel>–û–±–Ω–æ–≤–ª–µ–Ω–∏—è</guilabel>.</para> </sect1> <sect1 id="lock-screen" status="review"> <title>–ë–ª–æ–∫–∏—Ä—É–π—Ç–µ —ç–∫—Ä–∞–Ω, –∫–æ–≥–¥–∞ –æ—Ç—Ö–æ–¥–∏—Ç–µ –æ—Ç –∫–æ–º–ø—å—é—Ç–µ—Ä–∞</title> <para>–ë–ª–æ–∫–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∫–∞ —ç–∫—Ä–∞–Ω–∞ –Ω–µ –¥–∞—ë—Ç –ø–æ—Å—Ç–æ—Ä–æ–Ω–Ω–∏–º –ª—é–¥—è–º –≤–æ—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑–æ–≤–∞—Ç—å—Å—è –∫–æ–º–ø—å—é—Ç–µ—Ä–æ–º –≤ –≤–∞—à–µ –æ—Ç—Å—É—Ç—Å—Ç–≤–∏–µ. –í—Å–µ –ø—Ä–∏–ª–æ–∂–µ–Ω–∏—è —Å –≤–∞—à–µ–π —Ä–∞–±–æ—Ç–æ–π –æ—Å—Ç–∞–Ω—É—Ç—Å—è –æ—Ç–∫—Ä—ã—Ç—ã–º–∏, –Ω–æ —ç–∫—Ä–∞–Ω –±—É–¥–µ—Ç –∑–∞–±–ª–æ–∫–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∞–Ω –∏ –Ω–∞ –Ω—ë–º –±—É–¥–µ—Ç –ø–æ–∫–∞–∑–∞–Ω–∞ –∑–∞—Å—Ç–∞–≤–∫–∞.</para> <para>–ó–∞–±–ª–æ–∫–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∞—Ç—å —ç–∫—Ä–∞–Ω –º–æ–∂–Ω–æ –æ–¥–Ω–∏–º –∏–∑ —Å–ª–µ–¥—É—é—â–∏—Ö —Å–ø–æ—Å–æ–±–æ–≤:</para> <itemizedlist> <listitem> <para>–ù–∞–∂–º–∏—Ç–µ <menuchoice><guimenu>–°–∏—Å—Ç–µ–º–∞</guimenu><guimenuitem>–ó–∞–±–ª–æ–∫–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∞—Ç—å —ç–∫—Ä–∞–Ω</guimenuitem></menuchoice>.</para> </listitem> <listitem> <para>–ù–∞–∂–∞—Ç—å <keycombo><keycap>Control</keycap><keycap>Alt</keycap><keycap>L</keycap></keycombo> –¥–ª—è –±–ª–æ–∫–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∫–∏ —ç–∫—Ä–∞–Ω–∞. –≠—Ç—É –∫–æ–º–±–∏–Ω–∞—Ü–∏—é –∫–ª–∞–≤–∏—à –º–æ–∂–Ω–æ –∏–∑–º–µ–Ω–∏—Ç—å —á–µ—Ä–µ–∑ –ø—É–Ω–∫—Ç –º–µ–Ω—é <menuchoice><guimenu>–°–∏—Å—Ç–µ–º–∞</guimenu><guimenuitem>–ù–∞—Å—Ç—Ä–æ–π–∫–∏</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>–ö–æ–º–±–∏–Ω–∞—Ü–∏–∏ –∫–ª–∞–≤–∏—à</guimenuitem></menuchoice>.</para> </listitem> </itemizedlist> <note><para>–ú–æ–∂–Ω–æ –¥–æ–±–∞–≤–∏—Ç—å –∫–Ω–æ–ø–∫—É <guibutton>–ó–∞–±–ª–æ–∫–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∞—Ç—å —ç–∫—Ä–∞–Ω</guibutton> –Ω–∞ –ø–∞–Ω–µ–ª—å –¥–ª—è –±—ã—Å—Ç—Ä–æ–≥–æ –¥–æ—Å—Ç—É–ø–∞. –î–ª—è —ç—Ç–æ–≥–æ –ø—Ä–∞–≤–æ–π –∫–Ω–æ–ø–∫–æ–π –º—ã—à–∏ –Ω–∞–∂–º–∏—Ç–µ –Ω–∞ –ø–∞–Ω–µ–ª—å (–Ω–∞–ø—Ä–∏–º–µ—Ä, –Ω–∞ –ø–∞–Ω–µ–ª—å –≤–≤–µ—Ä—Ö—É —ç–∫—Ä–∞–Ω–∞), –≤—ã–±–µ—Ä–∏—Ç–µ <guibutton>–î–æ–±–∞–≤–∏—Ç—å –Ω–∞ –ø–∞–Ω–µ–ª—å...</guibutton> –∏ –ø–µ—Ä–µ—Ç–∞—â–∏—Ç–µ —ç–ª–µ–º–µ–Ω—Ç <guibutton>–ó–∞–±–ª–æ–∫–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∞—Ç—å —ç–∫—Ä–∞–Ω</guibutton> –≤ —É–¥–æ–±–Ω–æ–µ –≤–∞–º –º–µ—Å—Ç–æ.</para></note> <para>–ß—Ç–æ–±—ã —Ä–∞–∑–±–ª–æ–∫–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∞—Ç—å —ç–∫—Ä–∞–Ω, –ø–æ–¥–≤–∏–≥–∞–π—Ç–µ –º—ã—à–∫–æ–π –∏–ª–∏ –Ω–∞–∂–º–∏—Ç–µ –ª—é–±—É—é –∫–ª–∞–≤–∏—à—É. –í–≤–µ–¥–∏—Ç–µ –≤–∞—à –ø–∞—Ä–æ–ª—å, –ø–æ—Å–ª–µ —á–µ–≥–æ –Ω–∞–∂–º–∏—Ç–µ –∫–ª–∞–≤–∏—à—É <keycap>Enter</keycap>, –∏–ª–∏ –∫–Ω–æ–ø–∫—É <guibutton>–†–∞–∑–±–ª–æ–∫–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∞—Ç—å</guibutton>.</para> <para>–ï—Å–ª–∏ –∫–æ–º–ø—å—é—Ç–µ—Ä –∏—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑—É—é—Ç –Ω–µ—Å–∫–æ–ª—å–∫–æ –ø–æ–ª—å–∑–æ–≤–∞—Ç–µ–ª–µ–π –∏ —ç–∫—Ä–∞–Ω –∑–∞–±–ª–æ–∫–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∞–Ω, –¥—Ä—É–≥–∏–µ –ø–æ–ª—å–∑–æ–≤–∞—Ç–µ–ª–∏ –º–æ–≥—É—Ç –Ω–∞–∂–∞—Ç—å –∫–Ω–æ–ø–∫—É <guibutton>–ü–µ—Ä–µ–∫–ª—é—á–∏—Ç—å –ø–æ–ª—å–∑–æ–≤–∞—Ç–µ–ª—è...</guibutton>, —á—Ç–æ–±—ã –ø–æ–ª—É—á–∏—Ç—å –¥–æ—Å—Ç—É–ø –∫ –∫–æ–º–ø—å—é—Ç–µ—Ä—É –ø–æ–¥ —Å–≤–æ–∏–º –∏–º–µ–Ω–µ–º. –ò–º –Ω–µ –±—É–¥–µ—Ç –¥–æ—Å—Ç—É–ø–Ω—ã –¥–æ–∫—É–º–µ–Ω—Ç—ã, –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä—ã–µ –±—ã–ª–∏ –æ—Ç–∫—Ä—ã—Ç—ã –≤–∞–º–∏ –∏ –∫ –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä—ã–º –≤—ã —Å–º–æ–∂–µ—Ç–µ –≤–µ—Ä–Ω—É—Ç—å—Å—è, –ø–µ—Ä–µ–∫–ª—é—á–∏–≤—à–∏—Å—å –≤ —Å–≤–æ–π —Å–µ–∞–Ω—Å, –∫–æ–≥–¥–∞ –∫–æ–º–ø—å—é—Ç–µ—Ä –æ—Å–≤–æ–±–æ–¥–∏—Ç—Å—è.</para> </sect1> <sect1 id="firewall" status="review"> <title>–ù–∞—Å—Ç—Ä–æ–∏—Ç—å –º–µ–∂—Å–µ—Ç–µ–≤–æ–π —ç–∫—Ä–∞–Ω (—Ñ–∞–π–µ—Ä–≤–æ–ª–ª)</title> <para>–î–æ–ø–æ–ª–Ω–∏—Ç–µ–ª—å–Ω–æ –≤—ã –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç–µ —É—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–æ–≤–∏—Ç—å —Å–µ—Ç–µ–≤–æ–π –±—Ä–∞–Ω–¥–º–∞—É—ç—Ä –¥–ª—è —Ç–æ–≥–æ —á—Ç–æ–±—ã –∑–∞—â–∏—Ç–∏—Ç—å –≤–∞—à –∫–æ–º–ø—å—é—Ç–µ—Ä –æ—Ç –Ω–µ—Å–∞–Ω–∫—Ü–∏–æ–Ω–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∞–Ω–Ω–æ–≥–æ –¥–æ—Å—Ç—É–ø–∞ –∏–∑ –ª–æ–∫–∞–ª—å–Ω–æ–π —Å–µ—Ç–∏ –∏–ª–∏ –∏–Ω—Ç–µ—Ä–Ω–µ—Ç–∞. –ë—Ä–∞–Ω–¥–º–∞—É—ç—Ä –±–ª–æ–∫–∏—Ä—É–µ—Ç –ø–æ–ø—ã—Ç–∫–∏ –Ω–µ–∑–Ω–∞–∫–æ–º—ã—Ö –∫–æ–º–ø—å—é—Ç–µ—Ä–æ–≤ —Å–æ–µ–¥–∏–Ω–µ–Ω–∏—Ç—å—Å—è —Å –≤–∞—à–∏–º –∫–æ–º–ø—å—é—Ç–µ—Ä–æ–º. –≠—Ç–æ –∑–∞—â–∏—â–∞–µ—Ç –æ—Ç –ø—Ä–æ–Ω–∏–∫–Ω–æ–≤–µ–Ω–∏—è –≤ –≤–∞—à—É —Å–∏—Å—Ç–µ–º—É —á–µ—Ä–µ–∑ –±—Ä–µ—à–∏ –≤ —Å–∏—Å—Ç–µ–º–µ –±–µ–∑–æ–ø–∞—Å–Ω–æ—Å—Ç–∏.</para> <procedure> <step> <para><ulink url="apt:firestarter">–£—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–æ–≤–∏—Ç—å –ø–∞–∫–µ—Ç <application>firestarter</application></ulink> –∏–∑ —Ä–µ–ø–æ–∑–∏—Ç–æ—Ä–∏—è <quote>Universe</quote>.</para> </step> <step> <para>–ß—Ç–æ–±—ã –∑–∞–ø—É—Å—Ç–∏—Ç—å <application>Firestarter</application>, –≤—ã–±–µ—Ä–∏—Ç–µ <menuchoice><guimenu>–°–∏—Å—Ç–µ–º–∞</guimenu><guimenuitem>–ê–¥–º–∏–Ω–∏—Å—Ç—Ä–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∞–Ω–∏–µ</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Firestarter</guimenuitem></menuchoice>, –∏ –≤–≤–µ–¥–∏—Ç–µ –≤–∞—à –ø–∞—Ä–æ–ª—å –∞–¥–º–∏–Ω–∏—Å—Ç—Ä–∞—Ç–æ—Ä–∞, –∫–æ–≥–¥–∞ —Å–∏—Å—Ç–µ–º–∞ –≤—ã–¥–∞—Å—Ç –∑–∞–ø—Ä–æ—Å</para> </step> <step> <para>–î–æ–ª–∂–Ω–æ –∑–∞–ø—É—Å—Ç–∏—Ç—å—Å—è –ø—Ä–∏–ª–æ–∂–µ–Ω–∏–µ <application>Firewall Wizard</application>. –ï—Å–ª–∏ —ç—Ç–æ –Ω–µ —Ç–∞–∫, –≤–æ—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑—É–π—Ç–µ—Å—å –ø—É–Ω–∫—Ç–æ–º –º–µ–Ω—é <menuchoice><guimenu>Firewall</guimenu><guimenuitem>Run Wizard</guimenuitem></menuchoice>.</para> </step> <step> <para>–°–ª–µ–¥—É–π—Ç–µ —É–∫–∞–∑–∞–Ω–∏—è–º –ø—Ä–∏–ª–æ–∂–µ–Ω–∏—è <application>Firewall Wizard</application>. –ü–æ—Å–ª–µ –≤—ã–ø–æ–ª–Ω–µ–Ω–∏—è –≤—Å–µ—Ö —à–∞–≥–æ–≤ –Ω–∞—Å—Ç—Ä–æ–π–∫–∏, –±—Ä–∞–Ω–¥–º–∞—É—ç—Ä –±—É–¥–µ—Ç –Ω–∞—Å—Ç—Ä–æ–µ–Ω –∏ –∑–∞–ø—É—â–µ–Ω.</para> </step> <step> <para>–ß—Ç–æ–±—ã –ø—Ä–æ–≤–µ—Ä–∏—Ç—å, –∫–æ—Ä—Ä–µ–∫—Ç–Ω–æ –ª–∏ –Ω–∞—Å—Ç—Ä–æ–µ–Ω –±—Ä–∞–Ω–¥–º–∞—É—ç—Ä, –≤–æ—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑—É–π—Ç–µ—Å—å —Å–æ–æ—Ç–≤–µ—Ç—Å—Ç–≤—É—é—â–∏–º–∏ —Å–µ—Ä–≤–∏—Å–∞–º–∏ –≤ –∏–Ω—Ç–µ—Ä–Ω–µ—Ç–µ, –Ω–∞–ø—Ä–∏–º–µ—Ä <ulink url="http://www.grc.com/">ShieldsUP</ulink>.</para> </step> </procedure> <para>–ò–Ω—Ñ–æ—Ä–º–∞—Ü–∏—é –ø–æ –±–æ–ª–µ–µ —Ç–æ–Ω–∫–æ–π –Ω–∞—Å—Ç—Ä–æ–π–∫–µ <application>Firestarter</application>, –º–æ–∂–Ω–æ –Ω–∞–π—Ç–∏ –Ω–∞ <ulink url="http://www.fs-security.com/docs.php">–û–Ω–ª–∞–π–Ω —Ä—É–∫–æ–≤–æ–¥—Å—Ç–≤–æ Firestarter</ulink>.</para> <para>–ë–æ–ª–µ–µ –ø—Ä–æ–¥–≤–∏–Ω—É—Ç—ã–µ –ø–æ–ª—å–∑–æ–≤–∞—Ç–µ–ª–∏ –º–æ–≥—É—Ç –∏—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑–æ–≤–∞—Ç—å –º–µ–∂—Å–µ—Ç–µ–≤–æ–π —ç–∫—Ä–∞–Ω UFW, –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä—ã–π —É—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–æ–≤–ª–µ–Ω –≤ —Å–∏—Å—Ç–µ–º–µ –ø–æ —É–º–æ–ª—á–∞–Ω–∏—é. –ó–∞ –∏–Ω—Ñ–æ—Ä–º–∞—Ü–∏–µ–π –æ–±—Ä–∞—â–∞–π—Ç–µ—Å—å –∫ <ulink type="help" url="man:ufw">—Ä—É–∫–æ–≤–æ–¥—Å—Ç–≤—É UFW</ulink>.</para> </sect1> <sect1 id="avoid-internet-crime" status="review"> <title>–ò–∑–±–µ–≥–∞–π—Ç–µ –ø–æ–¥–æ–∑—Ä–∏—Ç–µ–ª—å–Ω—ã—Ö –∏ –ø—Ä–µ—Å—Ç—É–ø–Ω—ã—Ö –≤–µ—â–µ–π –≤ –∏–Ω—Ç–µ—Ä–Ω–µ—Ç</title> <para>–í—Ä–µ–º—è –æ—Ç –≤—Ä–µ–º–µ–Ω–∏, –≤—ã –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç–µ –ø–æ–ª—É—á–∞—Ç—å —ç–ª–µ–∫—Ç—Ä–æ–Ω–Ω—ã–µ –ø–∏—Å—å–º–∞, –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä—ã–µ —Å–æ–¥–µ—Ä–∂–∞—Ç –≤–∏—Ä—É—Å—ã –∏–ª–∏ —Å—Å—ã–ª–∫–∏ –Ω–∞ –º–æ—à–µ–Ω–Ω–∏—á–µ—Å–∫–∏–µ —Å–∞–π—Ç—ã. –≠—Ç–æ –¥–æ–≤–æ–ª—å–Ω–æ —á–∞—Å—Ç–æ–µ —è–≤–ª–µ–Ω–∏–µ, –∏ –æ—á–µ–Ω—å –≤–∞–∂–Ω–æ –∑–Ω–∞—Ç—å, –∫–∞–∫ –æ–±—Ä–∞—â–∞—Ç—å—Å—è —Å –ø–æ–¥–æ–±–Ω—ã–º–∏ –ø–∏—Å—å–º–∞–º–∏, —á—Ç–æ–±—ã –∑–∞—â–∏—Ç–∏—Ç—å —Å–≤–æ–π –∫–æ–º–ø—å—é—Ç–µ—Ä –∏ –ª–∏—á–Ω—É—é –∏–Ω—Ñ–æ—Ä–º–∞—Ü–∏—é –æ—Ç –∏—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑–æ–≤–∞–Ω–∏—è –≤–æ –≤—Ä–µ–¥ —Å–µ–±–µ.</para> <para>–¢–∞–∫–∏–µ —Å–æ–æ–±—â–µ–Ω–∏—è –æ–±—ã—á–Ω–æ –ø—Ä–∏—Ö–æ–¥—è—Ç –æ—Ç –Ω–µ–∑–Ω–∞–∫–æ–º—ã—Ö –∞–¥—Ä–µ—Å–∞—Ç–æ–≤. –ù–æ –∏–Ω–æ–≥–¥–∞ –æ—Ç–ø—Ä–∞–≤–∏—Ç–µ–ª—å –∫–∞–∂–µ—Ç—Å—è –≤–∞–º –∑–Ω–∞–∫–æ–º—ã–º, —Ö–æ—Ç—è –Ω–∞ —Å–∞–º–æ–º –¥–µ–ª–µ —ç—Ç–æ –Ω–µ –æ–±—è–∑–∞—Ç–µ–ª—å–Ω–æ —Ç–∞–∫. –≠—Ç–æ —Å–ª—É—á–∞–µ—Ç—Å—è –∏–∑-–∑–∞ –≤–æ–∑–º–æ–∂–Ω–æ—Å—Ç–∏ –ø–æ–¥–¥–µ–ª–∞—Ç—å –∞–¥—Ä–µ—Å–∞ –æ—Ç–ø—Ä–∞–≤–∏—Ç–µ–ª—è –ø–∏—Å—å–º–∞.</para> <para>–ù–µ–∂–µ–ª–∞—Ç–µ–ª—å–Ω–∞—è –ø–æ—á—Ç–∞ –æ–±—ã—á–Ω–æ –¥–µ–ª–∏—Ç—Å—è –Ω–∞ —Å–ª–µ–¥—É—é—â–∏–µ –∫–∞—Ç–µ–≥–æ—Ä–∏–∏:</para> <itemizedlist> <listitem><para>–°–ø–∞–º (—Ä–µ–∫–ª–∞–º–∞), –≤ –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä—ã—Ö –ø—Ä–µ–¥–ª–∞–≥–∞—é—Ç—Å—è –Ω–µ–∂–µ–ª–∞—Ç–µ–ª—å–Ω—ã–µ —É—Å–ª—É–≥–∏ –∏–ª–∏ –ø—Ä–æ–¥—É–∫—Ü–∏—è.</para></listitem> <listitem><para>–ú–æ—à–µ–Ω–Ω–∏—á–µ—Å–∫–∏–µ –ø–∏—Å—å–º–∞, –≤ –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä—ã—Ö –æ—Ç–ø—Ä–∞–≤–∏—Ç–µ–ª–∏ –ø—Ä–æ—Å—è—Ç –æ –ø–æ–º–æ—â–∏, –ø—Ä–µ–¥–ª–∞–≥–∞—è –≤–∑–∞–º–µ–Ω –∫—Ä—É–ø–Ω—ã–µ —Å—É–º–º—ã –¥–µ–Ω–µ–≥.</para></listitem> <listitem><para>–®–ø–∏–æ–Ω—Å–∫–∏–µ –ø–∏—Å—å–º–∞, –≤ –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä—ã—Ö –æ—Ç –∏–º–µ–Ω–∏ –±–∞–Ω–∫–∞ –∏–ª–∏ –¥—Ä—É–≥–æ–≥–æ –æ–Ω–ª–∞–π–Ω-—Å–µ—Ä–≤–∏—Å–∞ –≤–∞–º –ø—Ä–µ–¥–ª–∞–≥–∞–µ—Ç—Å—è –≤–≤–µ—Å—Ç–∏ –ª–∏—á–Ω—É—é/—Ñ–∏–Ω–∞–Ω—Å–æ–≤—É—é –∏–Ω—Ñ–æ—Ä–º–∞—Ü–∏—é –∏–ª–∏ –ø–∞—Ä–æ–ª–∏.</para></listitem> </itemizedlist> <para>–í–æ—Ç –Ω–µ—Å–∫–æ–ª—å–∫–æ —Å–æ–≤–µ—Ç–æ–≤ –ø–æ –±–µ–∑–æ–ø–∞—Å–Ω–æ–º—É –∏—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑–æ–≤–∞–Ω–∏—é —Å–µ—Ç–∏ –ò–Ω—Ç–µ—Ä–Ω–µ—Ç:</para> <itemizedlist> <listitem><para>–ù–∏–∫–æ–≥–¥–∞ –Ω–µ –æ—Ç–≤–µ—á–∞–π—Ç–µ –Ω–∞ –Ω–µ–∂–µ–ª–∞—Ç–µ–ª—å–Ω—É—é –ø–æ—á—Ç—É –∏ –¥–∞–∂–µ –Ω–µ –ø–µ—Ä–µ—Ö–æ–¥–∏—Ç–µ –ø–æ —Å—Å—ã–ª–∫–∞–º –≤ –Ω–µ–π. –ò–Ω–∞—á–µ –ø–æ—Ç–æ–∫ –ø–æ–¥–æ–±–Ω—ã—Ö –ø–∏—Å–µ–º –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç —Å—Ç–∞—Ç—å –±–æ–ª—å—à–µ.</para></listitem> <listitem><para>–ù–µ –Ω–∞–∂–∏–º–∞–π—Ç–µ –≤ –ø–∏—Å—å–º–∞—Ö –Ω–∞ —Å—Å—ã–ª–∫–∏, –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä—ã–µ –≤–µ–¥—É—Ç –Ω–∞ —Å–∞–π—Ç, –≥–¥–µ –ø—Ä–æ—Å—è—Ç –≤–≤–æ–¥–∏—Ç—å –ø–∞—Ä–æ–ª–∏ –∏–ª–∏ –¥—Ä—É–≥—É—é –ª–∏—á–Ω—É—é –∏–Ω—Ñ–æ—Ä–º–∞—Ü–∏—é, —Ç–∞–∫ –∫–∞–∫ —Ä–µ–∞–ª—å–Ω–∞—è —Å—Å—ã–ª–∫–∞ –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç –æ—Ç–ª–∏—á–∞—Ç—å—Å—è –æ—Ç –æ—Ç–æ–±—Ä–∞–∂–∞–µ–º–æ–π –Ω–∞ —ç–∫—Ä–∞–Ω–µ, –∏ –≤ —Ä–µ–∑—É–ª—å—Ç–∞—Ç–µ –≤—ã –ø–æ–ø–∞–¥—ë—Ç–µ –Ω–∞ —Å–æ–≤–µ—Ä—à–µ–Ω–Ω–æ –¥—Ä—É–≥–æ–π (–≤–æ–∑–º–æ–∂–Ω–æ –æ–ø–∞—Å–Ω—ã–π) —Å–∞–π—Ç. –í–º–µ—Å—Ç–æ —ç—Ç–æ–≥–æ –≤—Ä—É—á–Ω—É—é –≤–≤–æ–¥–∏—Ç–µ —Å—Å—ã–ª–∫—É –≤ –±—Ä–∞—É–∑–µ—Ä–µ.</para></listitem> <listitem><para>–ï—Å–ª–∏ —Å–∞–π—Ç –∑–∞–ø—Ä–∞—à–∏–≤–∞–µ—Ç –≤–∞—à—É —Ñ–∏–Ω–∞–Ω—Å–æ–≤—É—é –∏–Ω—Ñ–æ—Ä–º–∞—Ü–∏—é, —É–±–µ–¥–∏—Ç–µ—Å—å, —á—Ç–æ —Å–æ–µ–¥–∏–Ω–µ–Ω–∏–µ –±–µ–∑–æ–ø–∞—Å–Ω–æ. –ö –ø—Ä–∏–º–µ—Ä—É –≤ –±—Ä–∞—É–∑–µ—Ä–µ <application>–ë—Ä–∞—É–∑–µ—Ä Firefox</application> –±–µ–∑–æ–ø–∞—Å–Ω—ã–µ —Å–æ–µ–¥–∏–Ω–µ–Ω–∏—è –º–æ–∂–Ω–æ —É–∑–Ω–∞—Ç—å –ø–æ <emphasis>–∂—ë–ª—Ç–æ–π</emphasis> —Å—Ç—Ä–æ–∫–µ –∞–¥—Ä–µ—Å–∞ –∏ –ø–æ –∏–∫–æ–Ω–∫–µ –∑–∞–º–æ—á–∫–∞ –≤ –Ω–∞—á–∞–ª–µ —Å—Ç—Ä–æ–∫–∏. –ö–ª–∏–∫–Ω–∏—Ç–µ –ø–æ —ç—Ç–æ–π –∏–∫–æ–Ω–∫–µ –∏ –ø—Ä–æ—á—Ç–∏—Ç–µ –∏–Ω—Ñ–æ—Ä–º–∞—Ü–∏—é –æ –º–µ—Ä–∞—Ö –±–µ–∑–æ–ø–∞—Å–Ω–æ—Å—Ç–∏ –¥–ª—è —ç—Ç–æ–≥–æ —Å–æ–µ–¥–∏–Ω–µ–Ω–∏—è.</para></listitem> <listitem><para>–°–∫–∞—á–∏–≤–∞–π—Ç–µ –∏ –∑–∞–ø—É—Å–∫–∞–π—Ç–µ –ø—Ä–∏–ª–æ–∂–µ–Ω–∏—è —Ç–æ–ª—å–∫–æ –∏–∑ –∏—Å—Ç–æ—á–Ω–∏–∫–æ–≤, –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä—ã–º –≤—ã –¥–æ–≤–µ—Ä—è–µ—Ç–µ. –ü–æ —É–º–æ–ª—á–∞–Ω–∏—é —É—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–æ–≤–∫–∞ –ø—Ä–∏–ª–æ–∂–µ–Ω–∏–π —Ä–∞–∑—Ä–µ—à–µ–Ω–∞ —Ç–æ–ª—å–∫–æ —Å —Å–∞–π—Ç–∞ Ubuntu.</para></listitem> </itemizedlist> </sect1> <sect1 id="backup-files" status="review"> <title>–î–µ–ª–∞–π—Ç–µ —Ä–µ–∑–µ—Ä–≤–Ω—ã–µ –∫–æ–ø–∏–∏ —Å–≤–æ–∏—Ö —Ñ–∞–π–ª–æ–≤</title> <para>–ò–Ω–æ–≥–¥–∞ –≤—ã –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç–µ —Å—Ç–æ–ª–∫–Ω—É—Ç—å—Å—è —Å –ø—Ä–æ–±–ª–µ–º–æ–π –ø–æ—Ç–µ—Ä–∏ —Å–≤–æ–∏—Ö —Ñ–∞–π–ª–æ–≤ –∏–ª–∏ –Ω–∞—Å—Ç—Ä–æ–µ–∫ —Ç–æ –ø–æ –æ–¥–Ω–æ–π, —Ç–æ –ø–æ –¥—Ä—É–≥–æ–π –ø—Ä–∏—á–∏–Ω–µ. –ü—Ä–∏—á–∏–Ω—ã <emphasis>–ø–æ—Ç–µ—Ä–∏ –¥–∞–Ω–Ω—ã—Ö</emphasis> –º–æ–≥—É—Ç –±—ã—Ç—å —Ä–∞–∑–Ω—ã–µ, –æ—Ç —Å–ª—É—á–∞–π–Ω–æ–≥–æ —É–¥–∞–ª–µ–Ω–∏—è —Ñ–∞–π–ª–∞ –¥–æ –Ω–µ–æ–∂–∏–¥–∞–Ω–Ω–æ–≥–æ –≤—ã–∫–ª—é—á–µ–Ω–∏—è —ç–ª–µ–∫—Ç—Ä–æ–ø–∏—Ç–∞–Ω–∏—è. –ü–æ—ç—Ç–æ–º—É –Ω–∞—Å—Ç–æ—è—Ç–µ–ª—å–Ω–æ —Ä–µ–∫–æ–º–µ–Ω–¥—É–µ—Ç—Å—è —Ä–µ–≥—É–ª—è—Ä–Ω–æ –¥–µ–ª–∞—Ç—å —Ä–µ–∑–µ—Ä–≤–Ω—ã–µ –∫–æ–ø–∏–∏ –≤–∞–∂–Ω–æ–π –∏–Ω—Ñ–æ—Ä–º–∞—Ü–∏–∏, —á—Ç–æ–±—ã –≤—Å–µ–≥–¥–∞ –±—ã–ª–∞ –≤–æ–∑–º–æ–∂–Ω–æ—Å—Ç—å –≤–æ—Å—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–æ–≤–∏—Ç—å –ø–æ—Ç–µ—Ä—è–Ω–Ω—ã–µ –¥–∞–Ω–Ω—ã–µ.</para> <para>–†–∞–∑—É–º–Ω–æ —Ö—Ä–∞–Ω–∏—Ç—å —Ä–µ–∑–µ—Ä–≤–Ω—ã–µ –∫–æ–ø–∏–∏ –≤–Ω–µ –≤–∞—à–µ–≥–æ –∫–æ–º–ø—å—é—Ç–µ—Ä–∞, –Ω–∞–ø—Ä–∏–º–µ—Ä –∏—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑–æ–≤–∞—Ç—å –Ω–æ—Å–∏—Ç–µ–ª–∏ –¥–∞–Ω–Ω—ã—Ö, –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä—ã–µ –Ω–µ –ø–æ–¥–∫–ª—é—á–µ–Ω—ã –ø–æ—Å—Ç–æ—è–Ω–Ω–æ –∫ –∫–æ–º–ø—å—é—Ç–µ—Ä—É. –≠—Ç–æ –º–æ–≥—É—Ç –±—ã—Ç—å:</para> <itemizedlist> <listitem><para>–ó–∞–ø–∏—Å—ã–≤–∞–µ–º—ã–µ CD –∏ DVD –¥–∏—Å–∫–∏</para></listitem> <listitem><para>–í–Ω–µ—à–Ω–∏–µ –∂—ë—Å—Ç–∫–∏–µ –¥–∏—Å–∫–∏ –∏ —Ñ–ª—ç—à-–∫–∞—Ä—Ç—ã (—Ñ–ª—ç—à–∫–∏)</para></listitem> <listitem><para>–î—Ä—É–≥–æ–π –∫–æ–º–ø—å—é—Ç–µ—Ä –≤ —Å–µ—Ç–∏</para></listitem> </itemizedlist> <para>–ü—Ä–æ—Å—Ç–µ–π—à–∏–π —Å–ø–æ—Å–æ–± —Å–¥–µ–ª–∞—Ç—å —Ä–µ–∑–µ—Ä–≤–Ω—É—é –∫–æ–ø–∏—é - —ç—Ç–æ –≤—Ä—É—á–Ω—É—é —Å–∫–æ–ø–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∞—Ç—å –Ω—É–∂–Ω—ã–µ —Ñ–∞–π–ª—ã –≤ –±–µ–∑–æ–ø–∞—Å–Ω–æ–µ –º–µ—Å—Ç–æ –∏—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑—É—è <application>–ú–µ–Ω–µ–¥–∂–µ—Ä —Ñ–∞–π–ª–æ–≤</application>.</para> <para>–¢–∞–∫–∂–µ –º–æ–∂–Ω–æ –∏—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑–æ–≤–∞—Ç—å —Å–ø–µ—Ü–∏–∞–ª—å–Ω–æ –ø—Ä–µ–¥–Ω–∞–∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–Ω–æ–µ –¥–ª—è —ç—Ç–æ–≥–æ –ø—Ä–∏–ª–æ–∂–µ–Ω–∏–µ, –Ω–∞–ø—Ä–∏–º–µ—Ä <application>HUBackup</application>:</para> <procedure> <step> <para><ulink url="apt:hubackup">–£—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–æ–≤–∏—Ç—å –ø–∞–∫–µ—Ç <application>hubackup</application></ulink> –∏–∑ —Ä–µ–ø–æ–∑–∏—Ç–æ—Ä–∏—è <quote>Universe</quote>.</para> </step> <step> <para>–î–ª—è —Å–æ–∑–¥–∞–Ω–∏—è —Ä–µ–∑–µ—Ä–≤–Ω–æ–π –∫–æ–ø–∏–∏ —Å–∏—Å—Ç–µ–º—ã –≤—ã–±–µ—Ä–∏—Ç–µ <menuchoice><guimenu>–°–∏—Å—Ç–µ–º–∞</guimenu><guisubmenu>–ê–¥–º–∏–Ω–∏—Å—Ç—Ä–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∞–Ω–∏–µ</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>–†–µ–∑–µ—Ä–≤–Ω–æ–µ –∫–æ–ø–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∞–Ω–∏–µ</guimenuitem></menuchoice></para> </step> <step> <para>–í—ã–±–µ—Ä–∏—Ç–µ —Ñ–∞–π–ª—ã, –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä—ã–µ –≤—ã —Ö–æ—Ç–∏—Ç–µ –¥–æ–±–∞–≤–∏—Ç—å –≤ —Ä–µ–∑–µ—Ä–≤–Ω—ã–π –∞—Ä—Ö–∏–≤ –∏ –≤—ã–±–µ—Ä–∏—Ç–µ –º–µ—Å—Ç–æ –¥–ª—è –∏—Ö —Å–æ—Ö—Ä–∞–Ω–µ–Ω–∏—è. –ï—Å–ª–∏ —É –≤–∞—Å –µ—Å—Ç—å –ø–∏—à—É—â–∏–π CD –∏–ª–∏ DVD-–ø—Ä–∏–≤–æ–¥, –æ–Ω –±—É–¥–µ—Ç –æ—Ç–æ–±—Ä–∞–∂–µ–Ω –≤ —Å–ø–∏—Å–∫–µ.</para> </step> <step> <para>–ù–∞–∂–º–∏—Ç–µ <guibutton>–†–µ–∑–µ—Ä–≤–Ω–æ–µ –∫–æ–ø–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∞–Ω–∏–µ</guibutton> –∏ —Å–ª–µ–¥—É–π—Ç–µ –∏–Ω—Å—Ç—Ä—É–∫—Ü–∏—è–º –Ω–∞ —ç–∫—Ä–∞–Ω–µ.</para> </step> </procedure> <para>–ß—Ç–æ–±—ã –∏—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑–æ–≤–∞—Ç—å —Ñ–∞–π–ª –±—ç–∫–∞–ø–∞ (–∞—Ä—Ö–∏–≤–∞), —Å–æ–∑–¥–∞–Ω–Ω–æ–≥–æ <application>HUBackup</application>, –≤—ã–±–µ—Ä–∏—Ç–µ <menuchoice><guimenu>–°–∏—Å—Ç–µ–º–∞</guimenu><guisubmenu>–ê–¥–º–∏–Ω–∏—Å—Ç—Ä–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∞–Ω–∏–µ</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Home User Restore</guimenuitem></menuchoice> –∏ —Å–ª–µ–¥—É–π—Ç–µ –∏–Ω—Å—Ç—Ä—É–∫—Ü–∏—è–º –Ω–∞ —ç–∫—Ä–∞–Ω–µ.</para> <para>–ù–µ–∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä—ã–µ —Å–æ–≤–µ—Ç—ã –æ —Å–ø–æ—Å–æ–±–∞—Ö —Å–æ–∑–¥–∞–Ω–∏—è –∏ –ø–æ–¥–¥–µ—Ä–∂–∞–Ω–∏—è —Ö–æ—Ä–æ—à–∏—Ö —Ä–µ–∑–µ—Ä–≤–Ω—ã—Ö –∫–æ–ø–∏–π –¥–∞–Ω–Ω—ã—Ö —Å–æ–±—Ä–∞–Ω—ã –Ω–∏–∂–µ:</para> <itemizedlist> <listitem><para>–†–µ–≥—É–ª—è—Ä–Ω–æ –¥–µ–ª–∞–π—Ç–µ —Ä–µ–∑–µ—Ä–≤–Ω—ã–µ –∫–æ–ø–∏–∏</para></listitem> <listitem><para>–í—Å–µ–≥–¥–∞ –ø—Ä–æ–≤–µ—Ä—è–π—Ç–µ, —á—Ç–æ —Ç–æ–ª—å–∫–æ —á—Ç–æ —Å–¥–µ–ª–∞–Ω–Ω—ã–µ —Ä–µ–∑–µ—Ä–≤–Ω—ã–µ –∫–æ–ø–∏–∏ –ø–æ–ª–Ω–æ—Å—Ç—å—é —Ä–∞–±–æ—Ç–æ—Å–ø–æ—Å–æ–±–Ω—ã</para></listitem> <listitem><para>–ê–∫–∫—É—Ä–∞—Ç–Ω–æ –ø–æ–¥–ø–∏—Å—ã–≤–∞–π—Ç–µ —Ä–µ–∑–µ—Ä–≤–Ω—ã–µ –∫–æ–ø–∏–∏ –∏ —Ö—Ä–∞–Ω–∏—Ç–µ –∏—Ö –≤ –Ω–∞–¥—ë–∂–Ω–æ–º –º–µ—Å—Ç–µ</para></listitem> </itemizedlist> </sect1> </article>